Humacao — Puerto Rico Historic Buildings Drawings Society

Antiguo Tribunal de Distrito de Humacao

 

Former District Court Humacao
Art Center Angel "Lito" Peña Square
Dr. Vidal Streets corner Antonio López
Humacao, Puerto Rico
Designed by Rafael Carmoega Morales (1925)

The District Court Humacao, also known as "City Hall of Humacao”, is a two-story building in neo -classical style built in 1925. It is located in an urban lot elongated in the corner of Vidal and Dr. Antonio Lopez in Humacao. It is the most important public building built by the Territorial Government of USA in Puerto Rico in the town of Humacao. The simple and elegant design of the building is an excellent example of the architectural style "Federal", applied to the court buildings constructed across the island during the decade of the 1920's. The building served as a District Court continuously until 1967, when it was transferred to the municipal government, and used it as City Hall. The structure maintains an exceptional degree of historic integrity.

It was built by the Public Buildings Division of the Department of Public Works division for this period was led by architect Rafael Morales Carmoega graduate of Cornell University. Carmoega was one of the most outstanding and prolific local architects trained in the U.S. that work in Puerto Rico during the early decades of the twentieth century. During his tenure, dozens of buildings were designed and built for the Island’s government, institutional educational purpose. He represented the design of the first generation of architects trained in schools in the U.S. vis -a- vis engineers, who were responsible for the most of the construction published under Spanish rule. Carmoega structures designed by the architectural team and under his supervision, were conducted in different architectural styles, reflecting the diverse cultural influences of the time. Carmoega was a unique leader; he was able to instill in others the concepts related to the "new" architecture, an architecture created by a group of professionals trained in the field of architecture. Which is why, is an important part of our cultural heritage, as it represents the work of a true Master.

Carmoega design for Humacao Court reflects a trend towards a more academic style, Neoclassical. This choice reflects a desire to generate a powerful visual and symbolic image of the new government and its intention to highlight both power and stability. This imposing facade with its clearly defined and monumental Ionic portico is the quintessential example of Neoclassical in Puerto Rico. The proportions, details and vocabulary are presented in a very academic way. The architect is aware of a long architectural tradition and proud of it, and more importantly, understand its depth. This knowledge is revealed in both the exterior and the interior, on both the consistency of both the details and semantics is maintained.

The plan forms an E" with outstretched wings toward the rear of the structure and a classical portico on the main facade. Two wings extends on each side of the floor plan. The building is raised on a base or podium and has a porch “hexástilo” (six columns) fluted Ionic. On this porch a tympanum ornamenting with stamp Puerto Rico flanked by torches and polychrome terracotta garlands rises. Seven steps lead to the top three entryways. On each side of this staircase two concrete ramps have been recently added; yet discreet the design of this alteration makes it compatible and not an intrusive element which does not detracts the elegance to the facade.

After the porch, the facade has a composition in seven bays, in the first level, the three central bays are occupied by two side doors and windows, while on the second level, and the seven bays have windows. The facades are unified by a continuous cornice. The roof consists of a single slope is corrugated metal, which is hidden by a continuous parapet around the facade. The base, cornice and parapet continued the facade continues to the side walls, which are double- hinged, steel and glass cloths. The two side wings have separate entrances giving access to the main office. The rear facade consists of three volumes that the back of the project structure, the staircase located in the central volume being. The roofs of these volumes are independent, formed by a single slope of corrugated metal.

The interior lobby is a long, rectangular space articulated by fluted Doric pilasters, and organized into three smaller spatial units. A frieze moldings and an ornamental triglyph surrounds the room. The design of polished terrazzo floors used to define the three spatial volumes. Two square columns support a beam as a frieze which separates the central space of a parallel corridor. This hallway leads through arched openings on each side, to office areas. Completing the sequence space, the stairway opens up, with a central section and two main sections on both sides, forming a design to the sober, elegant and dynamic. The windows on the rear facade provide lighting to the stairs.